Explain the importance of processing of fruits and vegetables. Describe the by-products of horticultural produces and their possible uses.

Processing of fruits and vegetables plays a crucial role in ensuring food safety, extending shelf life, enhancing flavor, and adding value to these perishable commodities. This process involves various techniques such as cleaning, sorting, grading, peeling, cutting, blanching, freezing, drying, canning, and packaging. Each of these steps serves specific purposes contributing to the overall quality of the final product. Let's delve into the importance of processing fruits and vegetables and explore the potential by-products of horticultural produces and their uses.

1. Food Safety: Processing helps eliminate or reduce microorganisms, pathogens, and contaminants present on the surface of fruits and vegetables, making them safe for consumption. Techniques like washing, sanitizing, and heat treatment significantly reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.

2. Shelf Life Extension: Processing methods such as freezing, drying, and ___ ________ ________ ______ ______ ____.
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