What is urban housing? Briefly discuss urban housing policies and plans of India.

Urban housing is influenced by the size of its population, industrial and commercial development.Urban areas have essential infrastructural facilities for healthy living such as protected water supply, electricity, and sewerage; and also the opportunities for education, employment and health.In big cities like Bombay, Delhi, Kolkata there is more population, overcrowding and city is busy as it consists of factories, offices, business institutions, schools, colleges, big shopping centre and hotels. To meet the housing needs of the ever-growing population, cities expand in vertical and horizontal direction.With the increasing industrialization, socio – economic changes are operating on a large scale, old pattern of society and family structure are undergoing a change.The joint family system is breaking up and more individual or nuclear families are on the increase with the result that family units and households are increasing which in turn demand more housing accommodation.

Access to decent housing that is affordable for all is key to a habitable city. However cities across the developed and developing countries are grappling with varying degrees of housing unaffordability as per the specifics of local land and labour markets. Policymaking and planning to ensure access to decent affordable housing ______ ________ ______ ________ _____.
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