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Eurocentrism refers to a worldview that centers Europe, especially Western Europe, as the norm or standard against which all other cultures, histories, and intellectual traditions are measured. It assumes the superiority of European civilization and marginalizes or distorts non-European societies by viewing them through a Western lens. In the context of literature and literary studies, Eurocentrism privileges European literary canons, theories, aesthetics, and historical developments while ignoring or underrepresenting the literary contributions of the rest of the world. This bias often leads to the universalization of European experience and values while rendering non-European literatures as secondary, exotic, or derivative. The foundations of Comparative Literature in the 19th and early 20th centuries were deeply embedded in a Eurocentric framework. The discipline primarily involved comparing European literatures—mainly French, English, and German—and tracing influences, themes, and stylistic developments within Europe. The idea was that literature, as an expression of “universal” human experiences, was best represented by European texts. This limited scope excluded vast literary traditions from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Indigenous cultures, perpetuating the notion that non-European literatures were either unworthy of scholarly attention or only of interest as ethnographic or folkloric artifacts. The reactions to _____ ________ _____ ___ _________.
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