Discuss the significance of glycemic index in chronic diseases. Enlist the factors that affect GI of foods.

The glycemic index (GI) has proven to be a usefulnutritional concept, providing new insights intothe relationship between foods and chronic dis-ease. Observational studies suggest that dietswith a high glycemic load (GIcarbohydratecontent) are independently associated with in-creased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascu-lar disease. Postprandial hyperglycemia plays adirect pathogenic role in the disease process.Lower glucose and insulin levels are associatedwith improved risk proŽ le, including high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated proteins, ox-idative status, hemostatic variables, ____ _____ _________ ________ ____ ______.
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