How did industrial relations evolve and how it got affected by ILO?

The evolution of industrial relations (IR) is deeply embedded in the socio-economic changes that emerged with industrialization. Initially, during the pre-industrial era, the relationship between employers and workers was largely personal and informal. However, with the advent of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, large-scale manufacturing replaced traditional artisan work. This transformation led to the growth of factory systems, where workers were subjected to long working hours, unsafe conditions, and minimal wages. As a result, tensions between employers and employees began to rise, paving the way for the development of industrial relations as a structured field of study and practice.

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