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Local government in India refers to the system of governance at the grassroots level, aimed at ensuring democratic decentralisation and inclusive participation in administration. It is a vital component of the larger system of decentralised governance that seeks to bring government closer to the people. Local government operates in both rural and urban areas, guided primarily by the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts, 1992. These amendments institutionalised Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), respectively, providing them with a constitutional status, structure, powers, and responsibilities. ### Structure of Local Government The structure of local government in India is divided into two major categories: rural local government and urban local government. 1. Rural Local Government (Panchayati Raj Institutions): The Panchayati Raj system is structured in a three-tier model: * Gram Panchayat (Village Level): This is the lowest level and comprises a village or a group of villages. It is headed by a Sarpanch and consists of Ward Members elected by the people. * Panchayat Samiti (Block or Intermediate Level): It operates at the block level and coordinates the activities of the Gram Panchayats under its jurisdiction. It comprises elected members from the Panchayats, MLAs, and other representatives. * Zila Parishad (District Level): It is the highest level in the Panchayati Raj structure and operates at the district level. It coordinates and supervises the functioning of Panchayat Samitis. Members include elected representatives, MPs, MLAs, and members from marginalized sections. 2. Urban Local Government: Urban local government is classified based on _____ __________ ____ _________ ____.
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