Describe the distribution of the world’s water resources among oceans, icecaps/
glaciers, groundwater, and surface water, providing approximate percentages. 

What is meant by the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils? What is the property
of soil that determines the CEC of soils? How does CEC vary with pH?

How is nitrogen important to the plants? Write the sources of this macronutrient
to plants.

Describe the reasons of soil alkalinity and the consequences of the same

How is the soil texture analysis done? Describe in brief.

What is meant by sampling in research in any area of study? Name the terms used in the
context of sampling.

What are the different aspects of a research design? Explain the need of a research design.

 Define a research problem. List the criteria in general for a good research problem. 

 List the steps involved in research and explain the purpose of each of these.

 Name the types of research and explain any one in brief.

 List the various types of knowledge sources as applied to the development of research
questions.

What kind of information is available from UV, IR, NMR and Mass spectra of an
organic compound. Explain with the help of an example. 

Describe the concept of cleavages taking benzylic clevages in mass spectrometry. 

Describe different ionisation methods involved in mass spectrometry.

What is meant by a base peak and a molecular ion peak in mass spectrum? How is
mass spectrometry used in finding out mass of a compound? Explain.

 Differentiate between COSY and and HETCOR experiments in 2D NMR
spectroscopy.

Describe the use of broadband decoupling and off resonance decoupling in 13C NMR
spectroscopy.

 List the benefits and limitations of COSY technqiue. 

 Write the principle of 2D NMR. How is it different from ID NMR?

Interpret the NMR spectra of the following compounds. Give the expected  values and
explain your answer.