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Interpretation of an NMR spectrum involves correlating the number, position, multiplicity, and integration of signals with the chemically different hydrogen or carbon environments present in an organic compound. In proton NMR (^1H NMR), the chemical shift (δ) is expressed in parts per million (ppm) relative to tetramethylsilane (TMS), which is assigned δ 0.00 ppm. The position of a signal depends mainly on the electronic environment of the nucleus, particularly the presence of electronegative atoms, π-bonds, aromatic rings, carbonyl groups and hydrogen bonding. The splitting pattern gives information about neighbouring nonequivalent protons, while integration gives the relative number of protons responsible for each signal. The spectra of the compounds referred to in the question are not included here, so exact assignment of individual signals to particular compounds cannot be made without seeing the structures or spectra. However, the expected δ values and their interpretation can be established from the characteristic proton environments normally encountered in organic compounds. Simple saturated alkyl protons generally appear in the region δ 0.8–1.5 ________ _________ ____ _______ _____ ___ _____ ______ ________.
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