What are the four determinants of community health. Explain briefly.

What are the three components of community nutrition? Elaborate on any one component briefly.

How will you identify nutrition and health problems in a community?

What are the differences between genotyping and phenotyping.

Write a brief note on reef building corals.

How do microbes help in maintaining a clean environment?

Discuss any one type of microbial interaction.

 Why do bacteria form biofilms?

Name four mechanisms employed by viruses to evade immune system of host. Briefly discuss any one of these

What is role of inflammation in host defense against a pathogen?

How do activated B cells help defend against pathogens?

Discuss the role of antimicrobial peptides in innate immune response?

Name the causative agent of meningitis, diphtheria, genital herpes, poliomyelitis and measles

Compare pour plate and spread plate methods for microbial isolation.

Discuss methods used for evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy.

Explain various physical methods for sterilization.

sterilization and disinfection.

active transport and facilitated diffusion

What is differential staining? Give two examples.

State five differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes