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The informal economy comprises a significant portion of global employment, especially in developing countries. It includes a wide range of unregulated, unprotected, and often unrecognized economic activities that operate outside formal institutional frameworks. These include street vending, home-based work, domestic labor, small-scale agriculture, and day labor in construction or services. Women are disproportionately represented in the informal economy, yet they face layered vulnerabilities, including lack of social protection, limited access to credit and legal rights, and systemic gender discrimination. Gender mainstreaming in the informal economy is essential not only for promoting equality and social justice but also for enhancing the efficiency, productivity, and inclusiveness of economies. Mainstreaming gender in the informal economy is necessary because women’s experiences in informal work are shaped by distinct social, cultural, and economic inequalities. These include gender-based occupational segregation, unequal distribution of unpaid care work, wage gaps, and lack of legal protections. Many women enter informal employment due to limited access to education, skill training, or formal sector jobs. In developing countries, up to 90% of employed women are in informal jobs. Thus, without gender-sensitive policies, a significant part of the labor force remains excluded from development outcomes and ____ ____ ______ ______ ________ _____ __________ _____ _______ _______ ________.
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