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Employees resist change because change disturbs familiar patterns of work, creates uncertainty, and requires people to learn new skills and adjust their attitudes. In Library and Information Centres, change is a continuous process because developments in information technology, changing user expectations, new forms of information resources, and changing methods of library management constantly influence library services. Although change is necessary for the growth and effectiveness of a library, employees may not always accept it willingly. Their resistance may be individual, professional, organisational, or psychological in nature. One of the major reasons for resistance to change is fear of the unknown. Employees are generally comfortable with established procedures because they know what is expected of them. When a new system or method is introduced, they may feel uncertain about their future responsibilities. For example, if a traditional library introduces an integrated library management system, employees who have worked for many years with manual accession registers, circulation cards, and paper-based records may feel uncomfortable with computerised operations. They may worry about whether they will be able to learn the new software or whether their existing experience will become useless. Such uncertainty can produce resistance. Fear of job loss is another important reason. Technological change sometimes creates the belief that machines or automated systems will replace human workers. In librarianship, automation of circulation, acquisition, cataloguing, serials control, and reference services may make some employees believe that fewer staff members will be required. For instance, when self-checkout facilities are introduced, circulation staff may fear that their positions will eventually be reduced. Similarly, the introduction of artificial intelligence-based reference tools may make some librarians concerned about the future importance of traditional reference services. Even when management does not intend to eliminate jobs, employees may resist because they perceive a threat to employment security. Lack of knowledge and skills also contributes significantly to resistance. Changes in library services increasingly require digital literacy, database searching skills, metadata knowledge, information technology skills, and familiarity with electronic resources. An employee who has not received adequate training may feel unable to perform new duties successfully. For example, when __________ ____ ____ ___ _________.
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