What is meant by traceability and explain its technological innovations?

Traceability is the ability to trace all processes from procurement of raw materials to production, consumption and disposal to clarify "when and where the product was produced by whom." Due to improving product quality and the rise in safety awareness in recent years, traceability has been increasing in importance and spreading into a wide range of fields, such as automotive, electronics, food and pharmaceutical. This section describes basic knowledge about the increasingly-popular traceability.

In the field of food traceability, new technologies are emerging, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensor networks (WSN) and many others. RuizGarcia et al. (2010) describe that most crucial for the success of any traceability system are: (1) compatibility, (2) data standardization and (3) definition of a traceable resource unit. The most widely used tracking technology in food supply chain is radio frequency identification (RFID). Technology uses radio waves to automatically identify objects. The identification is done by storing a serial number, and perhaps other information, on a microchip that is attached to an antenna. Usually, the retail sector uses bar codes or even other forms of labeling (informal non-standardized numbering.). This can lead to major problems in the supply chain, which means that each partner must synchronize his data to comply with the identification applied by the lot producer. (Kelepouris et al., 2007). The main task of RFID technology is to provide members with food distribution information, technical support services and to analyze food consumer behaviors based on the recorded _____ _____ _____ ___ __________ ___ ______ ____ ______ _____ _____ __________.
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