Describe the effects of chemical pesticides and its impacts on the environment and human health.

Pesticides can contaminate soil, water, turf, and other vegetation. In addition to killing insects or weeds, pesticides can be toxic to a host of other organisms including birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants. Insecticides are generally the most acutely toxic class of pesticides, but herbicides can also pose risks to non-target organisms.

Surface water contamination

Pesticides can reach surface water through runoff from treated plants and soil. Contamination of water by pesticides is widespread. 

Ground water contamination

Groundwater pollution due to pesticides is a worldwide problem. According to the USGS, at least 143 different pesticides and 21 transformation products have been found in ground water, including pesticides from every major chemical class.

Effect on soil fertility (beneficial soil microorganisms)

Heavy treatment of soil with pesticides can cause populations of beneficial soil microorganisms to decline. According to the soil scientist Dr. Elaine Ingham, “If we lose both bacteria and fungi, then the soil degrades. Overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have effects on the soil organisms that are similar to human overuse of antibiotics. Indiscriminate use of chemicals might work for a few years, but after awhile, there aren't enough beneficial soil organisms to hold onto the nutrients”

Contamination of air, soil, and non-target vegetation

Pesticide sprays can directly hit non-target vegetation, or can drift or volatilize from the treated area and contaminate air, soil, and non-target plants. Some pesticide drift occurs during every application, even from ground equipment (Glotfelty and Schomburg, 1989). Drift can account for a loss of 2 to ______ ___ __________ ____ __________ __________ ________.
__________ _____ ___ ______ ____ ________ _______ _________ ______ ___.
_____ ______ _______ __________ ______ _____.
__________ _______ _____ __________ ______.
__________ ________ _______ _______ _________ _______ __________ ___ ________ ____.
___ ______ _________ _____ ________.
_______ ________ _____ _________ _______ ________ __________ _________ __________.
____ ____ _________ ______ __________ ____ ___ ____.
____ ______ ______ ____ ______.
_____ __________ ______ ____ ______ _____ ______.
_____ _____ _________ ______ ______ ____ ______ ______ ______ __________ ___.
_______ ______ ______ _______ _______ ____ ______ ______ __________ ____ ____ _______.
___ _________ __________ _________ _________ ____ ___ _________ ___ _____ ______ _________.
__________ _____ _____ __________ _______ ___ ___ ________ __________.
____ _____ ____ _____ _____ __________ __________ ________ ______ _______.
___ ______ _______ ____ ________.
_____ _____ ________ _____ _____ _______ _______ ______ _____ _______ _______ ______.
__________ ____ ____ _____ _________ _________ _______ _______.
______ ________ ____ __________ ___ ___ __________ _______ ____ ________ __________ __________.
________ __________ ______ _______ _______ ________.
_____ ___ _____ _____ ___ ____ _____ ___ ________ _____.
____ ___ ________ _______ ___ _______ ______ ______.
____ ______ ___ ________ _______ ____ _________ _________.
_____ _____ ___ __________ _____ ________ _______ ________ _________ ________ _____.
_____ ______ _________ ______ ____ _________ ___ ________ ______.
________ ______ _________ _________ ________.
__________ ____ ____ _____ __________ ______.
__________ ___ _______ ___ ________ ______ ______ ___ ________ ___ _________.
__________ ____ ___ ___ ___ _______ _________ _______ ___ ____ ____.
___ ____ _____ ___ __________ _________ _______ ________ _______.
_____ __________ __________ ______ __________ _______ ____ ________ _________ _________ _____.
__________ _____ _________ ____ _______ ________ _____ _____ _____.
__________ ______ ______ _______ _______ ________ _________ _______.
______ ________ ___ ______ ____ _________ _______ _______ ________ ________.
_____ ___ ____ ______ _____ _____ ________ ___ _____.
__________ _______ _______ ______ _________ ____ ________ _____ __________.
_________ _______ __________ _________ ____ _____ ________.
_______ _____ ____ ___ _______ __________.
__________ ___ ____ ________ _______ _____ _______.
___ _________ _________ ___ _____ ______ ______ ____ ___ __________ ______ _________.
__________ _________ _____ ___ ______ _____ ________ _________ ____ ___.
_____ ______ _________ _______ ____ _____ ____ _____ ______ ________.
_________ ______ ________ _________ ________ _________ __________ ________.
___ ____ ___ __________ ____.
_________ _______ _______ _____ ___ ____ ____ __________ ______ ________ ___.
___ ____ ____ _____ _______ _________ ____ _____ __________ _________ ________.
______ ______ _____ ___ _______ ___ ___ _____ _____ _____ ________.
______ ___ __________ ____ ______ ____ ______.
______ ________ ________ ____ ________ _______ ________.
____ _________ _____ _________ ______ ______ _________.
_________ ________ ______ _________ _________ ______ ________.
_______ ____ ________ _______ __________ __________ _______ __________ _____.
__________ ___ _____ _______ _________ __________ ________ ________ ___ _________.
____ __________ _________ ____ ___ ______ ______ _______.
______ __________ _____ ____ ___ _______.
__________ _______ ____ _______ _________ ____.
___ __________ _______ _______ _________.
__________ ____ _____ ________ ____.
_________ ________ ______ ___ _______ _________ __________ _______ __________ _______ _________ ________.
_______ ___ ___ ______ _____ ____.
_____ _______ _______ _______ ___ ___ _________ __________ __________ ________.
_________ ______ _____ _________ ____ __________ ________ ________ ________.
_______ ____ ________ _______ __________ ______ _____ _____.
______ __________ _______ _____ ____ ___ _____ _________ ______ __________ __________ ______.
______ ___ ________ __________ _____ _______ ______ __________ ________ ______ ________.
__________ _____ ___ _____ ______.
______ ______ __________ ___ ______ __________ ___.
______ ______ ______ ___ ________.
_____ _______ _________ __________ _____ _________ ____.
_______ _________ ______ __________ ___ _________ _________ ________ ____.
____ ____ __________ ____ ____ ________ _________ ______ _____ ______ _________ ____.
_________ ___ ________ _______ __________.
_________ ______ ______ ___ ___.
_________ _____ _________ ________ _______ __________.
________ ___ __________ _______ ________ ____ ___ _____ ______ _________.
________ _____ ________ __________ _________ ____ _________ ______ __________ _________.
__________ ___ ______ _____ _________ _______.
______ _________ _______ __________ _________.
________ _______ ______ ______ __________ ___ ____ _________ __________ ____ _______ _________.
________ __________ ____ _______ _____ ____ __________ ___ ____ ______ _____.
______ ___ ____ ______ _____ _____ __________ _________.
_______ ______ __________ __________ ___ ______ ________ ______.
____ ____ _______ __________ ________ _________ ______.
___ ______ ____ ________ _________ _________ ____ _________ ______ ___.
____ ________ ________ ______ ____ ______ _______.
____ ____ __________ _____ ________ ___ _______ ________ ______ ______ _________.
_______ _________ ______ __________ ____ ______ __________ _____ __________ ____.
_______ _________ ______ __________ ___ __________ _____.
____ _________ ___ ___ __________ ________ ________ ________ ___.
_________ ______ _____ ______ _______.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp