What are ketone bodies? Explain their significance to human beings.

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules produced by the liver during the metabolism of fatty acids. The three main ketone bodies are acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. These compounds are formed in the mitochondrial matrix of hepatocytes when carbohydrate availability is low, such as during fasting, prolonged exercise, or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The ____ _____ ___ _________ _______.
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