Explain the geometry of the peptide backbone. Illustrate your answer.
The geometry of the peptide backbone is determined by the covalent bonding and steric interactions between atoms in a polypeptide chain. The peptide bond forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another, creating a planar, rigid structure due to partial double-bond character from resonance. This restricts free _______ _____ _______ _______ _____ _________.
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