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Water has always been one of the most important resources for human life and civilisation. In ancient India, rivers played a major role in the development of settlements, agriculture, trade, culture, and political life. Early communities preferred to settle near rivers because rivers provided a regular source of water and made the surrounding land suitable for cultivation. Some of the earliest and most important settlements of the Indian subcontinent developed around river systems. The Indus Valley Civilisation is one of the best examples of a river-based civilisation in ancient India. It developed mainly around the Indus River and its tributaries, although settlements were also spread across a much wider region. Later, important settlements and kingdoms developed around rivers such as the Ganga, Yamuna, and their tributaries. Thus, water resources were not merely used for drinking and agriculture; they influenced the economic, social, religious, and political development of ancient Indian society. ## Water and the Development of Settlements The availability of water was one of the main factors that encouraged people to establish permanent settlements. Rivers provided water for drinking, domestic activities, animals, agriculture, and other daily needs. Areas near rivers were therefore more attractive for permanent habitation than regions __________ ______ ________ _______ __________ _______ ___ ______ __________ ________ _____ _______.
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