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India's National Population Policy (NPP), 2000 marked a significant shift from a target-oriented approach to a comprehensive, rights-based strategy emphasizing reproductive and child health, gender equality, and sustainable population stabilization. Announced by the Government of India, the policy recognized that population growth is closely linked with socio-economic development, education, healthcare, and women's empowerment rather than merely the use of family planning methods. The policy was formulated against the backdrop of rapid population growth, high fertility rates, declining but still elevated infant and maternal mortality, and significant regional disparities in demographic indicators. It acknowledged that despite the National Family Planning Programme initiated in 1952, challenges such as unmet needs for contraception, early marriage, poor healthcare infrastructure, and low ____ ______ _______ _____ ____ ______ _________.
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