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Infrared (IR) spectrometry is an important spectroscopic method used for the identification and structural analysis of organic and inorganic compounds. It is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by molecules, producing changes in their vibrational energy. The infrared region commonly used for chemical analysis lies approximately between 4000 and 400 cm⁻¹. Two important instrumental approaches are traditional dispersive IR spectrometry and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Although both techniques measure the interaction of infrared radiation with matter, they differ considerably in the way radiation is generated, selected, detected and converted into a spectrum. In traditional dispersive IR spectrometry, a broad range of infrared radiation is produced by an IR source. A monochromator, usually containing a prism or diffraction grating, separates the radiation into its different wavelengths or wavenumbers. The monochromator allows only a narrow band of radiation to reach the sample at a particular time. The instrument then scans through the infrared region sequentially. At each wavelength, the amount of radiation absorbed by the sample is measured by a detector. The resulting signal is plotted as a function of wavenumber to produce the IR spectrum. Thus, in a dispersive instrument, the spectrum is obtained point by point as the monochromator scans ________ _____ ______ _________ _____ _________ _____ ________.
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