Explain the post-harvest physiology of fruits and vegetables. Describe the compositional changes occur during growth and ripening. 

Post-harvest physiology is the study of the changes that occur in fruits and vegetables after they have been harvested. These changes are crucial to the preservation of the quality and nutritional value of the produce. Understanding post-harvest physiology is important for extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables and ensuring that they are safe and desirable for consumption.

After harvest, fruits and vegetables go through a process of respiration, which involves the release of carbon dioxide and the uptake of oxygen. This process continues until the plant tissues have depleted their stored energy, leading to a decline in the quality and nutritional value of the produce. To slow down the respiration rate and extend the shelf life of the produce, it is important to store them at low temperatures and high relative humidity.

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