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Frederick Winslow Taylor is regarded as the father of Scientific Management, and his ideas marked a decisive shift from traditional rule-of-thumb methods of work to a systematic and scientific approach to administration and management. Taylor’s basic concepts emerged from his practical experience in factories and his concern with low productivity, inefficiency, and conflict between workers and management. He believed that both employers and employees shared a common interest in increasing productivity, and that this could be achieved through scientific analysis of work rather than reliance on intuition or custom. A central concept given by Taylor is the replacement of rule-of-thumb methods with scientific methods. He argued that traditional ways of performing tasks were based on habit and personal judgment, leading to inconsistency and inefficiency. Taylor proposed that every job should be studied scientifically to determine the “one best way” of performing it. This involved careful observation, measurement, and experimentation to identify the most efficient tools, motions, and sequences of work. By standardizing methods based on scientific study, productivity could be increased and __________ ______ ____ ______ ___ _____ __________ _________ __________.
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