Discuss the various principles defining the Water Rights in India. 

Water Rights -

WATER is without doubt the most important common resource of the people. A major constituent of all living matter, it is indispensable for survival. Water must be allowed to find its own levels. At the same time it cannot be left unregulated and uncontrolled, for it may descend upon us as rain or floods causing misery.

The uses of water are multifold. Flowing water when used legitimately benefits, but when it overflows and results in flood, it damages the abutting properties. Using water in a manner detrimental to others creates a cause of action which is redressable in a court of law. Regulation and control of water by the state creates rights and obligations between state and subjects as also between states inter-se. Any violation of such rights gives rise to a variety of litigation – civil and criminal.

The remedies against violation of water rights are both statutory as well as common law. The statutory remedies are found under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986; the Water (Prevention and Control) of Pollution Act, 1974; the Indian Penal Code, 1860; and the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973. A writ petition can also be filed under Article 32 in the Supreme Court or under Article 226 in the High Court for seeking remedy against violation of water rights.

The common law remedies are in the nature of a tort action against the violator of the water right. The term ‘common law’ is derived from the Latin word lex communis. It is a body of customary law of England based upon judicial decisions. In fact, common law remedies were available against violators of water rights even before statutory laws came into force.

The Indian law of torts is based on English common law. The rules of tort law were introduced in India during _____ __________ ______ ___ ________ _________.
_______ ________ __________ ______ ______ __________ ____.
_______ ____ ___ __________ ____ ____ ________.
_________ _______ ____ _____ _____ __________ ____ ___.
_______ ________ _____ _____ _________ ________ __________ ____.
____ _____ __________ __________ ___ ________ _______ _____ ___.
_______ ____ ___ ___ __________.
_______ ________ _____ __________ _______ _____ __________ __________.
______ _____ _________ _____ _______ _____ ___ ___ ________ _____ ______ ____.
_____ ______ _______ ______ ________ ______ __________.
_____ __________ _____ _________ ________.
__________ ______ ________ __________ ________ ______ _______.
____ ___ __________ __________ _____ ________ __________ _____ ___ ____.
_______ _______ _____ ___ ___ ____ _______.
______ ________ ____ ____ __________ _____ ____ ____ _________ _______.
_____ _____ __________ _____ _____ ____ _________.
_________ _________ ______ ________ _____ _____ ___.
______ ___ _____ ___ _______ _________ ________ _______ _______ ________ _______.
________ _________ _____ ________ __________ _______ _______ ______ __________ _____ __________ ___.
________ _________ _______ _____ _____.
________ ________ __________ ____ _________ __________ ________ _____ _____ ___ ______ ____.
_____ _____ _________ ____ ____ _________ ____.
____ _______ ___ __________ _________.
_________ ________ ___ ________ __________ _____ ____ _____ ____ __________ _________.
___ __________ __________ __________ __________ ____ _______.
__________ ______ __________ _____ __________ _____ _________.
_____ ___ _______ ________ __________ _____ _________ _______.
____ _________ _______ ____ ____ ___ __________ _______ _____ ____ ___.
____ __________ _________ ______ ____ ____ ___ ____ ________.
___ __________ ______ _______ ___ __________ ______ ________.
_____ _______ _______ ____ __________ ___ ______ ______ __________ _______.
_______ ________ _____ ________ ___ _______ __________.
___ _______ ________ ___ ___ ________ ________ _____ _________ _______.
________ ________ __________ _______ _________ __________ _________ ___ ___ _____.
______ ____ _________ ______ __________.
_______ _____ _____ _______ ________ _______.
_____ ______ _______ _______ ____.
_________ ________ __________ __________ ____ ____ ________ _________ ____ _______ ________.
___ ______ _____ ________ _________ ___ _______ _____ __________ __________.
______ ________ ______ _______ _________ __________ __________ __________ ________ ___ ______.
__________ ______ _______ _______ _______ ___ ___ __________ _______ __________.
_____ _______ ________ ______ ____.
_____ __________ __________ ____ ________ ________ ____ __________ _____ ______ __________ ___.
_________ __________ ___ __________ __________ ________ ______ __________.
_________ ___ _________ _______ _______ _______ _________ ___ _________ ______ ______.
________ _________ __________ _________ ______.
__________ __________ _________ ____ ___ _______ __________ ____ ____ ___ __________ __________.
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ ___ _______ _____ ______.
_____ __________ ______ _______ _______.
_________ _________ ____ ________ ______ ___ ___ ____ _______ ______ _______ ________.
________ _____ ________ _____ __________ ____ _________ __________.
__________ ______ __________ ______ ______ _____ _______ _________ ___ ____ _______ _______.
__________ _______ _____ _________ ___ ______ ___ ___ ________ ___.
___ ___ __________ ___ ________ ____ ____ _________.
__________ ________ ___ ______ _________ _______ ______ __________ ____.
__________ ____ ____ ___ __________.
________ __________ ____ __________ _____ ___ _________ _________.
_______ _________ ______ _________ ____ _________ ________ ______.
____ ________ ________ ____ ____ ______ _______ ___.
_____ __________ ______ _________ _____.
_______ _________ ____ ____ ___ _________ ______.
____ ______ ___ _______ ________ _______ __________ __________ _________.
_________ ________ ______ ____ _________ ___ ____ __________ ___.
_______ ____ ______ ___ _________ ____ __________ _______ _________ ___.
___ ____ _______ _____ __________ ___ _____ ______.
______ __________ _____ ________ ___ _____ _______ __________ ____ ___ __________ __________.
__________ ___ _____ ___ ___ ________ _________ _________ ________.
___ __________ ___ _______ _____.
__________ ______ ______ _______ ________ _______ _______.
_____ _______ ____ ____ _________.
_________ _________ _______ ________ _______ _______ ________ _____.
_____ _____ _______ __________ _____ __________ ______ ___ _______ ______.
_____ _______ _____ __________ ______.
____ ___ _______ _____ ____ ________.
___ _____ ______ __________ ____.
_________ _____ ___ ___ __________ ______.
_________ ___ _____ ______ ______ ______ __________.
___ __________ ____ _____ _________ ___ ________ _________ ____ _______ __________.
_________ _____ _____ _____ _________.
__________ ___ ______ _____ _______.
____ ___ ____ _______ __________ _____ _____ ________ ___ _________ _______ _______.
______ ______ _________ ________ _____ ____ _________ ______ ____.
___ _________ ______ ____ _______ _____ ______ ____ _________ ______.
__________ ___ ________ __________ __________ ____ ______ ___ ___ ______ _________.
_______ __________ _______ ____ ________ _______ __________ ____ ____ ____.
__________ ______ ______ _______ ____ ___ ____ _________ ______.
____ ________ ____ _________ _____.
________ _________ ________ ________ _____ ________ ______ ___.
__________ _____ ________ __________ __________ _______ ________ ____ __________.
_______ ___ __________ _______ _____ _____ ________.
____ _________ ________ _____ ____ ____ _________ ___ ________ ____.
_________ ______ ________ ___ ______ _________ ___ ________ _________.
_____ _______ _________ _____ _________ _________.
____ _______ ______ ________ ________ ___ ___.
____ ________ ________ ______ ________ _____ _______ ___ ________.
____ ___ _________ _______ _________ _________ ________ ____ _____ _____.
___ ______ _______ ___ __________ ___ _________ ______ __________ ________.
_________ _____ ___ _____ ________ ______ _______ ________ __________ ________ ____.
______ ____ __________ __________ ____.
___ ______ ___ _____ _____ ______ ___ ________ ________.
__________ _______ __________ ____ __________ _____ ______ ____ _______ ____ _________ _________.
____ ______ _______ ____ ___ _____ _____.
______ _____ _________ _______ ____ ___ ______ ______ __________.
____ _____ ________ _________ ____ ______.
______ _________ ______ __________ ________ ___.
____ ____ _______ ___ ________ _______ _________ _____.
____ ________ ______ ________ _____ ________ ___ __________ _____ _______.
_______ ___ ______ __________ __________.
________ ______ ______ __________ ________ ________ __________.
_____ ___ ____ ______ _______ ______ ______ _________.
_____ ___ ______ __________ ___ ____ _______ ____ ____ _____.
_____ _____ ________ ___ ___ ________ ____.
__________ _____ _________ ________ __________ _____ _____ __________.
________ __________ _________ _________ ________ ____.
_______ ____ __________ ________ _________.
____ _____ _________ _________ _______.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp