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Workers’ Participation in Management (WPM) is a system in which employees are given an opportunity to influence and participate in the decision-making processes of an organization. It is based on the democratic principle that workers, being important stakeholders in the enterprise, should have a voice in matters affecting their work, welfare, productivity, and organizational development. In Human Resource Management, WPM is regarded as an essential mechanism for promoting industrial democracy, strengthening employer-employee relations, and creating a cooperative work environment. It encourages employees to contribute their ideas, knowledge, and experience, thereby improving organizational effectiveness and employee satisfaction. The concept of Workers’ Participation in Management emerged from the belief that employees are not merely factors of production but valuable human resources whose involvement can enhance organizational performance. It seeks to reduce the traditional gap between management and workers by encouraging mutual trust, cooperation, and shared responsibility. Participation does not necessarily mean equal control over management decisions but provides employees with opportunities to express opinions, suggest improvements, and participate in decisions concerning their work. The ________ _________ ___ ________ __________ _________.
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