Define environmental toxicology. Describe the mode of action of toxic substances

Environmental toxicology is a multidisciplinary field of study that focuses on understanding how various chemical, biological, and physical agents in the environment can have harmful effects on living organisms and ecosystems. It involves the assessment of the sources, fate, transport, and effects of toxic substances in the environment, with the ultimate goal of minimizing their impact on human health, wildlife, and the overall ecosystem. Environmental toxicology plays a crucial role in identifying, characterizing, and mitigating the risks associated with exposure to pollutants, contaminants, and other toxic agents in the environment.

The mode of action of toxic substances refers to the specific mechanisms by which these substances exert their adverse effects on living organisms at the molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. Understanding the mode __________ ______ ________ _______ __________.
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