Define carcinogens and procarcinogens. Describe carcinogenesis and the mechanism of action.

Carcinogens and procarcinogens are critical concepts in the field of environmental toxicology, which focuses on understanding how various substances in the environment can lead to adverse health effects, including cancer. These terms are essential in studying the process of carcinogenesis, which is the formation of cancer within the body. In this answer, I will define carcinogens and procarcinogens, describe carcinogenesis, and explain the mechanisms of action involved.

1. Carcinogens:
   Carcinogens are substances or agents that have the potential to cause cancer in living organisms. They can be natural or synthetic and may encompass a wide range of chemicals, physical agents, or biological agents. Carcinogens are known to damage ______ ______ ________ ___ ________ ________ ___ _______ _________ ___ ___ ________.
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