Question

A current is flowing in an infinitely long straight wire. Using Biot-Savart law, show that the resultant magnetic field at a point along a line perpendicular to the wire is inversely proportional to the distance of the point from the wire.

22 Jan 2025
Answer :
Word Count : 338

The Biot-Savart law describes the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire. It states that the infinitesimal magnetic field \( d\mathbf{B} \) at a point due to a small segment of current-carrying wire is given by:

\[
d\mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi} \frac{I \, d\mathbf{l} \times \hat{\mathbf{r}}}{r^2}
\]

where:
- \( \mu_0 \) is the permeability of free space,
- \( I \) is the current in the wire,
- \( d\mathbf{l} \) is the infinitesimal element of the wire,
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