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The interrelationship between disability and environmental and ecological factors is a central concern in both Disability Studies and Occupational Health. Disability is not merely an individual medical condition but is deeply shaped by physical, social, economic, and ecological environments. Contemporary disability theory, particularly the social and ecological models of disability, emphasizes that impairment becomes disabling primarily through interaction with environmental barriers. At the same time, environmental degradation, unsafe workplaces, and ecological hazards contribute significantly to the creation, intensification, and distribution of disabilities across populations. In Disability Studies, the shift from the medical model to the social model marked a critical transformation in understanding disability. The medical model locates disability within the individual body, focusing on pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. In contrast, the social model argues that disability arises from societal barriers—architectural inaccessibility, discriminatory policies, lack of accommodations, and exclusionary attitudes. Environmental and ecological factors extend this perspective by highlighting how natural and built environments either restrict or enable participation. For instance, inaccessible transportation systems, polluted urban areas, and hazardous workplaces transform impairments into disabling conditions. Thus, disability is co-produced by bodies and environments. Ecological conditions such as air pollution, contaminated water, climate change, and exposure to toxic substances play a major role in the onset of impairments. Occupational Health research consistently demonstrates that workers exposed to industrial chemicals, heavy _______ ______ _____ __________ ________ __________ ________ _________ ______ _________ __________.
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