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Agribusiness has undergone significant transformation in recent decades, particularly with the emergence and expansion of organised food retailing. Traditionally, agribusiness in India was confined to input supply, primary production, and fragmented marketing through mandis and local traders. However, with rapid urbanisation, rising incomes, changing consumption patterns, and policy reforms, agribusiness has evolved into a comprehensive system integrating production, processing, logistics, retailing, and export. Organised food retailing has played a pivotal role in redefining the structure, scale, and scope of agribusiness operations in the country. One of the most prominent changes is the shift from subsistence-oriented production to market-driven agriculture. Organised retailers demand consistent quality, standardized produce, and assured supply, compelling farmers and agribusiness firms to adopt scientific cultivation practices, improved seeds, precision farming, and better post-harvest management. This demand-driven production system encourages farmers to align cropping patterns with consumer preferences and retail requirements, thereby enhancing efficiency and profitability. Another important dimension is the integration of supply chains. Organised food retailers such as supermarkets and hypermarkets require streamlined procurement systems, cold chain infrastructure, grading, packaging, and traceability mechanisms. Agribusiness firms increasingly engage in direct procurement models, contract farming arrangements, and farmer producer organizations (FPOs) to ensure reliable sourcing. These models reduce the role of multiple intermediaries, minimize transaction costs, and ensure better price realization for farmers while providing quality assurance to retailers and consumers. The development of modern logistics and infrastructure is also ____ _________ __________ _____ _______ _________ _______ ____ ____ ____ ________ ___.
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