Question

 

Briefly explain the structure and functioning of the Public Distribution System (PDS) in India. How does it contribute to food security and the welfare of vulnerable sections?

18 Feb 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 1030
The Public Distribution System (PDS) in India is a government-sponsored mechanism aimed at ensuring food security for the population, especially for the vulnerable sections. It is a key component of India’s food security policy and is designed to distribute food grains, primarily rice, wheat, and coarse grains, at subsidized prices to the poor through a network of fair price shops (FPS) across the country. The structure of PDS is multi-tiered, with the central government, state governments, and local-level authorities playing distinct roles. At the national level, the central government is responsible for procurement, storage, and transportation of food grains. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) plays a crucial role in the procurement and distribution of grains, managing a large part of the stock. The central government sets a Minimum Support Price (MSP) for major crops, ensuring a stable income for farmers. State governments are responsible for the distribution of food grains to the public, coordinating the functioning of fair price shops, and implementing schemes like the National Food Security Act (NFSA) at the local level. They are also responsible for identifying the beneficiaries, distributing ration cards, and ensuring the proper functioning of FPS. In rural areas, PDS also plays a role in providing local employment through the involvement of rural cooperatives and self-help groups. The functioning of PDS involves a few essential steps: First, the food grains are procured from farmers at the MSP. They are then stored in warehouses and depots managed by FCI or state agencies. The grains are subsequently transported to distribution centers and ___ _________ ______ ___ _________ _________ __________ ______ ______.
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