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Participatory risk assessment methods are community-centered approaches that actively involve local people in identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing risks affecting their lives, livelihoods, and environment. These methods recognize that communities possess rich indigenous knowledge about local hazards, vulnerabilities, and coping strategies. In the context of Risk Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis, participatory approaches enhance accuracy, ownership, transparency, and sustainability of risk reduction measures. One widely used method is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). PRA employs tools such as social mapping, resource mapping, seasonal calendars, transect walks, and problem ranking. Social ___ _________ ____ __________ ________ ____ __________ __________ __________ ______ ___ _________.
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