. Describe the general debate on the decline of feudalism.

The centrality of trade in both the rise of feudalism and its decline was established by the Belgian historian Henri Pirenne in the 1920s and 30s in his books, Medieval Cities: Their Origin and the Revival of Trade, Economic and Social History of Medieval Europe; and Mahomet and Charlemagne. For Pirenne, long-distance trade, or ‘grand trade’ as he called it, was the driving force of all flourishing civilizations and its disruption, for whatever reason, brought the onward march of civilization to a halt. It was thus that European civilization in Antiquity that had attained glorious heights owing to trade across the Mediterranean, for it was not only an economic motor of society, but became the conduit for the cross fertilization of ideas and cultures across long distances. Once ___ ______ _______ ______ ________ ___ _________.
___ ____ __________ ____ ________.
_________ ______ ____ ______ ___ ____ ________ ___ ______.
_________ _________ _______ ____ _____ _______ ______ __________ ______.
______ __________ ____ _________ ________ _____ _________ ______ __________ ________.
________ ____ ____ _________ _______.
______ _______ _________ ___ ___ _________ _______ _______ ___ ______ _________.
___ ___ ____ ____ ____ __________ ______ _______ _______.
_________ _______ ____ __________ __________ ________.
___ _____ _______ ______ ______.
_____ _________ ____ __________ ________ ______.
__________ _______ _________ __________ ________ __________ _________ _____ ___ _____ __________.
_________ __________ ______ _____ __________ ____ ________ ____ ___ _______ _______.
__________ _________ ______ ___ _____ _____ ______ ________ ____.
_________ ______ __________ __________ ______ ___ ___.
_________ ________ ______ _____ ____ ____ ______.
______ _____ __________ ________ ________ _______.
___ _________ ___ _____ __________ _______.
__________ _____ _________ ___ ___ __________.
________ _________ _____ ___ ______ ________ _______.
_____ ___ ______ _______ _________.
_________ __________ ______ ___ ______ _______ ______ ______ _____ ______.
___ _____ __________ ____ ______ __________ _________ __________ ____ __________ ______.
_____ ________ ____ _________ _______ ______ _______.
________ _________ __________ _______ ____ ______ ___ ______ ________.
____ ________ ________ _____ _____ _______ ____ ____ ________ _________ __________ ________.
______ ____ ___ ______ ___.
_______ _______ _________ _____ _____.
_____ ______ _______ ________ _________ _____ ____ ___ _____ _______ ___.
_____ ______ ________ ________ ______.
_____ ____ _______ _______ ______ ___ _______ ____ _______.
___ _______ _________ _____ _________ __________ ______ ___.
_________ _________ __________ _________ ______ ______ ___ ___ __________ __________.
________ _____ __________ _____ _______ ____ ___ ___ _________ _____ ______.
_______ ____ _________ ______ ___ _________ ________ ______ __________ ________.
______ _____ __________ ____ _______ _________ _______.
________ ____ _________ ___ _________ _______ __________ ____.
__________ ____ _______ ______ _________ ______ ______ ________.
________ ____ _____ ________ ___ ____ ___ _________.
___ ________ _________ ______ _______ ______.
__________ _________ ___ _______ _______ _____ _________.
_________ _______ _______ ___ _____ _______ ____ _____ ________ _____.
__________ ____ __________ _____ _________ __________.
_____ ____ ____ ____ _________ ______.
__________ _____ ________ ____ __________ __________ ________ _________.
_____ _______ ___ ___ _________ _______ __________ ___ _______ ___ _____ _________.
______ __________ _________ __________ __________ ________.
___ _________ ______ ____ ____ ________ _____ ______ ___ __________ _______ __________.
____ _____ _______ ________ ___ ____ ___ ________ _____ _____ ____ __________.
_____ __________ ____ ______ _________ _____ ___ ____ ________ ___.
_________ _____ ____ ______ __________.
______ ________ _____ __________ ________ ________ _______ _________ ____.
________ ____ ___ ______ ____ __________ ___ ____ ________.
___ _____ _______ ____ _________ _________ __________ ____ _______ ____ __________ ___.
________ __________ ________ __________ _________ ______ ______ ___ __________.
________ ___ ___ _____ ___.
__________ _______ __________ __________ ___ __________ __________ _____ ____.
________ _____ ____ ___ ____ __________.
______ ______ _______ ________ _________ ______ _________ ______ ____ __________ ______.
___ ______ ____ _____ _________ ______.
_____ ______ __________ ____ _____ _________ ______ _________.
_______ _______ _______ ___ _____ ________ __________ _______ ____ __________.
___ _________ ___ ___ ___.
__________ ___ ____.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp