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Z-Buffer algorithm is one of the most popular and widely used techniques in computer graphics. It is also known as depth buffer algorithm and is used for hidden surface removal in 3D graphics. The basic idea behind the algorithm is to create a depth buffer, also known as z-buffer, which stores the depth of each pixel in the scene. The depth value is then compared with the depth value of the other polygons in the scene to determine which polygons are visible and which are hidden.

How the Z-Buffer Algorithm Works:

The Z-Buffer algorithm works by using the depth value of each pixel in the scene to determine which polygons are visible and which are hidden. The process is broken down into the following steps:

1. Initialization:

The first step is to create the depth buffer, which is an array of values that correspond to the depth of each pixel in the scene. The depth buffer is initialized to a large value that represents infinity, as there is no pixel depth value that can be greater than infinity.

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