Write an essay on the Indian higher education system with focus on access and qualit.

Introduction -

• India's higher education system is the world's third-largest in terms of students, next to China and the United States.
• India's Higher Education sector has witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of Universities/University level Institutions & Colleges since independence.
• In the prestigious Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings 2020, only three Indian Universities- IIT-Bombay, IIT-Delhi and IISc (Bangalore)- have been included in the top 200 institutes.

Issues and Challenges in India’s Higher Education Sector -

• Enrolment: The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of India in higher education is only 25.2% which is quite low as compared to the developed and other major developing countries.
• Equity:
• There is no equity in GER among different sections of society. GER for males (26.3%), females (25.4%), SC (21.8%) and ST (15.9%).
• There are regional variations too. While some states have high GER some are far behind the national figures.
• The college density (number of colleges per lakh eligible population) varies from 7 in Bihar to 59 in Telangana as compared to All India average of 28.
• Most of premier universities and colleges are centred in a metropolitan and urban city, thereby leading to the regional disparity in access to higher education.
• Quality: Higher Education in India is plagued with rot learning, lack of employability and skill development due to the low quality of education.
• Infrastructure: Poor infrastructure is another challenge to higher education in India. Due to the budget deficit, corruption and lobbying by the vested interest group (Education Mafias), public ____ ___ ________ ____ ________ _______ _____ __________ ___ ____ ____ ______.
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