What is work measurement? Explain various work measurement techniques.

Work measurement refers to the process of determining the time required for a qualified worker to perform a specific task under defined working conditions. It is an essential aspect of production and operations management, as it helps in determining the efficiency of processes, planning resources, establishing standards, and setting performance targets. Accurate work measurement enables businesses to optimize labor costs, improve productivity, and maintain quality standards while ensuring that workers are not overburdened.

There are several techniques used for work measurement, each with its own set of advantages and applications. Some of the most common techniques are:

1. Time Study: 
   Time study is a technique where the time taken by a worker to perform a specific task is recorded under normal working conditions. Observers use a stopwatch to measure the time taken to complete the task, and then a ____ ___ ____ ______ ___.
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