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Participatory governance is a framework of decision-making in which citizens, civil society organizations, local communities, and various stakeholders are actively engaged in governance processes along with governmental institutions. It goes beyond traditional representative democracy by emphasizing direct involvement of people in shaping policies, implementing programs, and evaluating outcomes. In essence, participatory governance seeks to reduce the gap between the state and society by promoting inclusiveness, accountability, and transparency. It recognizes that governance is not merely the responsibility of elected officials or bureaucrats, but rather a collective effort where citizens contribute their knowledge, experiences, and perspectives to achieve more equitable and sustainable development outcomes. The significance of participatory governance lies in the way it shifts governance from a top-down model to a more horizontal one where decision-making is shared. Citizens are not passive recipients of state policies but become co-creators of solutions. This process enhances legitimacy of policies and institutions, increases trust in governance structures, and ensures that developmental initiatives are more responsive to the actual needs of people. Participatory governance also acts as a safeguard against exclusion and marginalization because it gives space to diverse voices, especially those of marginalized communities who often remain unheard in conventional governance systems. In the context of development, participatory governance plays a transformative role. Development is not just about economic growth or infrastructure creation but also about empowerment, capacity building, and social justice. When people are involved in decisions that directly impact their lives, development outcomes tend to be more sustainable. For example, in India, the _________ _________ ________ ___ ___.
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