What is Genetic polymorphism? Briefly discuss various genetic markers that exhibit polymorphism 

Genetic Polymorphism and Genetic Markers

Genetic polymorphism refers to the presence of two or more genetically different alleles or variations at a specific locus within a population. This variability occurs at the level of DNA sequences, leading to differences in gene expression, phenotype, and overall genetic diversity among individuals. Polymorphisms can be categorized based on their effects on the genome and their applications in research, medicine, and evolutionary studies.

Types of Genetic Polymorphisms

1. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs):
   SNPs are the most common type of genetic polymorphism and involve a variation of a single nucleotide at a specific position in the genome. For example, a SNP might involve a change from adenine (A) to guanine (G) at a given position. SNPs can be either synonymous, meaning they do not change the amino acid sequence of a protein, or non-synonymous, resulting in an amino acid change. These variations can impact gene function and contribute to differences in susceptibility to diseases, drug responses, and other traits.

2. Short Tandem Repeats (STRs):
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