Briefly discuss Mendel’s laws of Inheritance with suitable examples

Mendel's laws of inheritance form the foundation of classical genetics and explain how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Gregor Mendel, through his experiments with pea plants, identified three key laws:

### 1. Law of Segregation  
This law states that every individual has two alleles (gene variants) for each trait, one inherited from each parent. These alleles segregate (separate) during the formation of gametes (eggs and sperm), so that each gamete contains only one allele for each trait. During fertilization, the offspring receives one allele from each parent, restoring the pair.

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