What is enzyme? Write the properties of enzymes. Define fermentation. Describe the types of fermentation.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They are typically proteins, although some RNA molecules, known as ribozymes, can also act as enzymes. Enzymes are crucial for numerous biochemical processes, including digestion, metabolism, and cellular function. They lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, making biochemical reactions occur more rapidly and efficiently under physiological conditions. Enzymes are highly specific to the substrates they act upon, and they are not consumed or permanently altered in the reactions they catalyze.

Enzymes have several important properties that are central to their function. These properties include:

1. Specificity: Enzymes are highly specific to their substrates, meaning that each enzyme only catalyzes one type of reaction or a set of related reactions. This specificity is determined by the enzyme’s active ___ __________ ________ _________ ____ _________ ___ ___ __________ ________ _____.
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