What are the various disorders of image formation? Explain.

There are three common defects of vision. They are:

1) Myopia (Short-sightedness or Near-sightedness)

2) Hypermetropia (Long-sightedness or Far-sightedness)

3) Presbyopia

Myopia

The defect of an eye in which it cannot see the distant objects clearly is called myopia. A person with myopia can see nearby objects clearly. Myopia is caused due to:

High converging power of the lens

Eye-ball being too long

Due to the high converging of the eye-lens, the image is formed in front of the retina and a person cannot see clearly the distant objects. In another case, if the eyeball is too long than the retina is at a larger distance from the eye-lens. In this case, also the image is formed in front of the retina even though the eye-lens has correct converging power.

Myopia or short-sightedness can be corrected by wearing spectacles containing a concave lens. This is because when a concave lens of suitable power is used for the myopic eye then the concave lens first diverges the parallel rays of light coming from a distant object. Therefore, first, a virtual image is formed at ____ _______ _________ _________ _____ __________.
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