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Social forestry is an important concept in rural development programmes that focuses on the management and afforestation of degraded lands with the active participation of local communities. It was introduced with the aim of meeting the basic needs of rural people, such as fuelwood, fodder, small timber, and non-timber forest products, while also improving ecological balance and rural livelihoods. Social forestry is particularly relevant in a country like India where rural communities are heavily dependent on forests for subsistence and where deforestation, land degradation, and soil erosion have historically posed major challenges. By integrating forestry practices with rural development, social forestry serves as a bridge between ecological sustainability and socio-economic upliftment of rural populations. The origins of social forestry in India can be traced back to the National Commission on Agriculture in 1976, which emphasized the need for community participation in afforestation activities to reduce the pressure on natural forests. The government subsequently launched various programmes under the ambit of rural development that promoted the cultivation of trees on village commons, roadsides, canal banks, wastelands, and even private farmlands. Unlike conventional forestry that is restricted to government-controlled forest areas, social forestry extends forestry activities to non-forest lands where people themselves play a proactive role in plantation, protection, and utilization of resources. One of the major objectives of social ___ __________ _________ _________ _______ ______ ____ _______.
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