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Materials management is a comprehensive and integrated process that ensures the efficient planning, procurement, storage, movement, utilization, and disposal of materials within an organization. The statement, “Materials management is an integrated process of materials flow – in, through and out of an organization,” emphasizes that materials management covers the complete life cycle of materials from their entry into the organization until they leave in the form of finished products or waste. It integrates various functions such as purchasing, inventory control, warehousing, transportation, production planning, quality control, and distribution to achieve organizational objectives efficiently. The flow of materials begins with the procurement of raw materials, components, spare parts, and other essential supplies from reliable suppliers. This stage involves identifying material requirements, selecting vendors, negotiating prices, placing purchase orders, and ensuring timely delivery. Efficient procurement minimizes costs while maintaining quality and continuity of supply. Once materials ____ _________ _____ ____ _______.
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