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Before the 20th century, literary theory was largely shaped by classical, Renaissance, and Enlightenment ideas, with a strong emphasis on aesthetics, morality, and rhetoric. In antiquity, Aristotle’s *Poetics* laid the foundation for Western literary criticism, emphasizing mimesis, the imitation of life, and the importance of plot, character, and catharsis in tragedy. Aristotle’s analytical approach influenced later ___ _______ _______ ____ _________ ______ ______ ______.
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