Question

For a non-degenerate time indepedent perturbation, show that the first-order energy shift is equal to the expectation value of the perturbing Hamiltonian in the unperturbed energy eigenstate.

21 Apr 2025
Answer :
Word Count : 222

In atomic and molecular physics, perturbation theory is used to solve quantum systems that are subject to small disturbances. Consider a quantum system with a Hamiltonian H0H_0 describing the unperturbed system, and a perturbation H′H' that slightly modifies this system. The total Hamiltonian is _________ _____ ____ ____ _________ _______ _______.
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________.
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