Explain various techniques of selection.

The process of selecting the right candidates for a job is crucial in human resource management (HRM). Selecting the right person not only ensures the successful functioning of an organization but also contributes to its long-term success. Various techniques are employed in selection processes to ensure that the candidates chosen align with the organization's goals and values. These selection techniques include both traditional methods and modern techniques that leverage technology. Each technique serves a different purpose and offers distinct advantages.

1. Application Forms and Resumes

The most basic and initial step in the selection process is the collection of application forms or resumes. These documents provide essential information about a candidate’s background, including their qualifications, previous work experience, and personal details. Resumes are an efficient way for employers to screen a large number of candidates quickly, allowing them to eliminate those who do not meet the basic criteria. However, resumes alone cannot fully assess a candidate’s capabilities and fit for a position. They serve as an initial filtering tool, often followed by further steps like interviews or testing.

2. Interviews

Interviews are one of the most common and traditional methods of selecting candidates. They allow employers to assess candidates face-to-face and get a better understanding of their personality, communication skills, and overall suitability for the role. Interviews can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. 

- Structured Interviews: These involve asking each candidate the same set of predetermined questions. Structured interviews are typically more reliable and objective because they minimize the risk of bias. They are often used when selecting candidates for roles that require specific competencies.
  
- Semi-Structured Interviews: These allow some flexibility, with a mix of planned questions and opportunities to ask follow-up questions based on the candidate’s responses. This format enables interviewers to delve deeper into certain topics of interest.

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