Explain the various approaches to social welfare. 

In the context of Public Policy and Administration in India, social welfare is a critical area that focuses on improving the quality of life for all citizens, particularly the vulnerable and marginalized groups. Various approaches to social welfare have been adopted, and these can be categorized into different theoretical and practical frameworks. The following are the key approaches to social welfare:

### 1. Residual Approach
The residual approach views social welfare as a safety net, providing support only when the market and family fail to meet individual needs. Welfare programs are considered temporary and are activated in emergencies. In India, this approach is evident in schemes like Public Distribution System (PDS) during times of crisis, __________ ____ ___ ____ ____ ____ __________ _________ ________.
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