Explain the terms absorptivity, reflectivity and transmissivity of radiant energy. How are they related to each other for a black body and an opaque body?

Absorptivity, reflectivity, and transmissivity are fundamental radiative properties that describe how a material interacts with incident radiant energy such as solar radiation. These parameters play a crucial role in the design and performance analysis of solar energy systems and applications like solar thermal collectors, photovoltaic cells, and building materials optimized for energy efficiency.

Absorptivity (α) is defined as the fraction of the incident radiant energy that a surface absorbs. It indicates how effectively a surface can capture incoming solar radiation and convert it into internal energy (such as heat). In solar energy applications, materials with high absorptivity are preferred, particularly ___ ___ _________ ______ ____ ____ _______ ____.
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