Explain the salient features of Environmental Protection Act, 1986. Explain the features of National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.

The Environmental Protection Act, 1986, and the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 are two of the most significant environmental legislations in India. These laws were enacted to provide a legal framework for the protection and improvement of the environment and to address environmental disputes efficiently. Below is a comprehensive discussion of the salient features of both Acts.

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### Salient Features of the Environmental Protection Act, 1986

The Environmental Protection Act (EPA), 1986 was enacted in the wake of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy and came into force on 19th November 1986. It serves as an umbrella legislation, providing a framework for the coordination of activities of various central and state authorities established under previous environmental laws. Its primary objective is the protection and improvement of the environment.

#### 1. Comprehensive Definition of Environment
The Act provides an all-encompassing definition of the environment. It includes water, air, land, and the inter-relationships which exist among and between water, air, land, human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganisms, and property.

#### 2. Empowerment of the Central Government
One of the unique aspects of the EPA is the vast powers it vests in the Central Government. The government is authorized to:
- Take all necessary measures for protecting the environment.
- Coordinate the actions of states and state authorities.
- Plan and execute nationwide programs for the prevention, control, and abatement of environmental pollution.
- Lay down standards for the quality of the environment and for the emission or discharge of environmental pollutants.
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