Question

Explain the role of cell surface carbohydrates in cell–cell recognition and immune response. 

21 Jan 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 267
Cell surface carbohydrates are essential components of the plasma membrane and are primarily present as glycoproteins and glycolipids. These carbohydrate chains extend outward from the cell surface, forming a carbohydrate-rich layer known as the glycocalyx. Their structural diversity and specific spatial arrangement enable cells to recognize and interact with one another in a ____ ________ __________ _____ ________ ______ ____ _____ _____ ______.
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