Explain the problems of concurrent transactions with the help of examples. What is a serializable schedule in this context? What is the two-phase locking protocol? Does it solve the problems of concurrent transactions? Justify your answer. Can deadlock occur when you use two-phase locking? Justify your answer.

Concurrent transactions are a common occurrence in database systems, where multiple transactions can access and modify data simultaneously. However, this concurrency can lead to several problems if not handled properly. Here are some examples of the problems that can arise with concurrent transactions:

1. Lost Update: This occurs when two transactions try to update the same data simultaneously, and one transaction overwrites the changes made by the other. For example, consider two transactions, T1 and T2, both attempting to increment the balance of an account. If T1 reads the balance, increments it, but before it can write the updated value, T2 reads the original balance, increments it, and writes ____ _________ _________ ________ __________ _______ __________ _________ ____ _________ ___.
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