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Sustainability Science is an interdisciplinary field that has emerged in response to the growing recognition of complex socio-environmental challenges that threaten the long-term viability of ecosystems and human societies. Its genesis lies in the convergence of multiple streams of thought across environmental science, development studies, economics, and social science. Over the past few decades, it has evolved into a distinct discipline with its own frameworks, methodologies, and epistemologies aimed at understanding and promoting sustainable interactions between natural and human systems. ### Genesis of Sustainability Science The conceptual foundations of Sustainability Science can be traced back to global environmental concerns that began gaining momentum during the latter half of the 20th century. The 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm was one of the earliest global platforms to highlight the environmental consequences of unchecked economic development. This conference planted the seeds for the idea of integrating ecological and social concerns in the planning and implementation of development policies. A pivotal moment came with the publication of the *Brundtland Report* in 1987, formally titled *Our Common Future*, by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED). This report introduced the widely accepted definition of sustainable development: “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” This framing emphasized the interlinkages between economic growth, environmental integrity, and social equity, paving the way for a more integrated approach to solving global problems. However, at that stage, Sustainability Science as a defined academic field was still in its infancy. ____ _____ ________ ______ _________ _____ ________ ________ ________ _________ ____ ______.
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