Explain the functions, consequences of hyposecretion and  hypersecretion of the major hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.

The thyroid gland is a large gland in the neck. Thyroid hormones such as thyroxine increase the rate of metaboism in cells throughout the body. They control how quickly cePs use energy and make proteins.

The four parathyroid glands are located in the neck behind the thyroid gland. The parathyroid hormone helps keep the level of calcium in the blood within a narrow range. It stimulates bone cels to dissolve calcium and release it into the blood.

The pineal gland is a tiny gland located near the center of the brain. It secretes the hormone melatonin, which controls the sleep-wake cycle and several other processes. The production of melatonin is stimulated by darkness and inhibited by light. CePs in the retina of the eye detect hght and send signals to a structure in the brain named the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Nerve fibers carry the Signals from the SCN to the pineal _________ __________ __________ _______ ___ _______ _____ _____ ______ _______.
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